Gardner believes that there is both a biological and a cultural basis for the multiple intelligences.

Neurobiological research indicates modifications in the synaptic connections between cells within our brain result in learning.

Examples of research supporting some of the intelligences:

Linguistic-Verbal: Researchers recognize the connection between language and the brain. This occurs in a region called Broca’s area. Damage to this portion of the brain will cause a person to lose the ability to express themselves in clear grammatical sentences. However, that person’s understanding of vocabulary and syntax remain intact. Further, even young children and deaf individuals will begin to develop their own unique language if they are not offered an alternative.

Spatial: Researchers within the field of neuroscience have proof of the role of spatial intelligence in the right hemisphere of the brain. Certain brain injuries can cause people to lose the ability to identify where they are or even to recognize their closest relatives. Even though they can see the other person or place perfectly well, they are unable to comprehend whom they see or where they are.

Musical: The ability to perform and compose music has been scientifically pinpointed in certain areas of the brain. There are instances of autistic and other impaired children who can perform brilliantly but are unable to talk or interact with others.

Interpersonal: Damage to the frontal lobe of the brain, as was performed in lobotomies, alters that person’s personality and their ability to interact well with others.

Intrapersonal: It is believed that autistic children do not have a recognition of the self as a separate entity from the surrounding environment.

Naturalist: There are certain parts of the brain particularly dedicated to the recognition and the naming of what are called "natural" things.

Culture plays a role in that different societies value different types of intelligences. The motivation to become skilled in a particular area is based on the cultural value placed upon the ability to perform certain tasks.